#include <stdio.h> int main() { int n = 4; // Size of the matrix int mat[n][n]; int num = 1; int top = 0, bottom = n - 1, left = 0, right = n - 1; while (num <= n * n) { // Top row (left to right) for (int i = left; i <= right && num <= n*n; i++) mat[top][i] = num++; top++; // Right column (top to bottom) for (int i = top; i <= bottom && num <= n*n; i++) mat[i][right] = num++; right--; // Bottom row (right to left) for (int i = right; i >= left && num <= n*n; i--) mat[bottom][i] = num++; bottom--; // Left column (bottom to top) for (int i = bottom; i >= top && num <= n*n; i--) mat[i][left] = num++; left++; } // Print the matrix for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) { for (int j = 0; j < n; j++) printf("%3d ", mat[i][j]); // %3d for alignment printf("n"); } return 0; }